Advisers

Engr. Reynante B. Ponay

Discipline

Computer science & engineering

Abstract

Smart home devices have transformed modern living by offering convenience through automation. However, these technologies often depend on consistent electricity and internet access, making them less effective in rural or disaster-prone areas. To address this gap, this study presents the development of an Off-Grid Smart Cabin designed for sustainability, reliability, and security. The system integrates smart automation with renewable energy sources, functioning entirely on solar power supported by a Multi-Battery Storage Switching System to ensure operation during power interruptions or periods of low sunlight. Smart automation is managed through Google Home Assistant for controlling devices such as blinds, lighting, and ventilation. Space-saving features, such as convertible beds and smart roof extensions, are also included, along with physical switches to ensure continuous functionality even without internet connectivity. This study employed the Experimental Prototyping Methodology. The cabin design was first conceptualized using detailed 2D and 3D layouts via AutoCAD. Programming was conducted using Arduino IDE in C++, where the ESP32 microcontroller handled internet-dependent features while the Arduino Uno controlled sensor-based automation. All system components were subjected to functional testing. Voice command responses ranged from 2 to 6 seconds under stable internet conditions, with delays of up to 10 seconds when connectivity was weak. Manual switches were incorporated to maintain functionality regardless of internet availability. A user survey was conducted using purposive sampling and evaluated through a 4-point Likert scale. Respondents rated the system positively, highlighting its ease of use, off-grid independence, and smart automation features. The integrated power system and automation functions were particularly noted as beneficial for emergency applications and rural environments. The findings of this study support the viability of combining IoT automation with sustainable energy solutions for developing reliable smart living spaces. The integration of Arduino and ESP32 microcontrollers enabled a scalable, eco-friendly, and secure system. This research demonstrates a promising direction for creating future-ready, off-grid homes that prioritize energy efficiency, user convenience, and resilience in various living conditions.

Keywords

renewable energy, arduino uno, smart cabin, off-grid living, sinric pro, iot automation