Advisers

Reynold R. Bangalisan, LPT

Discipline

Tourism & hospitality

Abstract

Mt. Balagbag, part of the Sierra Madre range in Rodriguez, Rizal, has gained popularity as a hiking destination due to its accessibility and scenic views. However, increased tourist activity has revealed critical safety and environmental concerns, including limited safety infrastructure, security threats, and ecological degradation. This study aimed to assess safety precautions and physical security at Mt. Balagbag as a basis for proposing an emergency response plan. Grounded in Heinrich’s Domino Theory and General Deterrence Theory. A descriptive-correlational research design was used to examine the relationship between safety precautions and physical security. Data were collected from 50 respondents, composed of 25 local residents and 25 tourists, using convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire served as the primary instrument, and data were analyzed using weighted mean, Pearson-r correlation, and ranking methods. This approach allowed for an in-depth assessment of implemented safety measures and the effectiveness of existing security practices, while identifying areas needing improvement. Findings showed that safety precautions are highly implemented (WM = 3.25), particularly in adherence to safety rules and emergency preparedness, though improvements are needed in safety officer visibility and signage. Physical security also scored highly implemented (WM = 3.26), with strong patrol presence and emergency response, but gaps were noted in lighting, hazard signage, and equipment maintenance. A very high positive correlation (r = 0.9935) was found between safety precautions and physical security, indicating that enhancing one directly influences the other. The study concludes by proposing a comprehensive emergency response plan that emphasizes enhanced monitoring, improved signage, regular safety drills, better-trained personnel, and the integration of community-based ecotourism programs. Strategic coordination among local authorities, tourism stakeholders, and community members is recommended to transform Mt. Balagbag into a safer and more sustainable hiking destination. The study underscores the need for integrated solutions that balance recreation with ecological and visitor safety.

Keywords

safety precautions, physical security, mt. balagbag, emergency response plan