Advisers

Christopher D. Azares, LPT

Discipline

Social sciences

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the time management practices of working and non-working Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) students. Time management plays a vital role in academic performance, productivity, and overall well-being, especially as students balance academic, personal, and employment responsibilities. A quantitative comparative design was used. A structured questionnaire covered academic tasks, personal responsibilities, leisure activities, household duties, and employment duties. Weighted means and composite means were used to compare the time-management levels of the two groups. The sample size and sampling procedure were not reported. Nonworking students reported effective management of academic tasks, personal responsibilities, and leisure activities. Working students also reported balancing academic and employment duties but experienced schedule conflicts and fatigue. Common challenges included excessive gadget use among nonworking students and inadequate scheduling among working students. No numerical group results or statistical test of between-group differences were reported. The proposed action plan includes time-management workshops, task-prioritization strategies, and wellness programs. These may support organization and work–study balance.

Keywords

academic performance, time management, Working Students