Abstract

This study examined the level of public understanding of fire emergency protocols and the role of community engagement in promoting fire safety in Barangay Ugong, Valenzuela City. Due to its dense population and closely built residential structures, the barangay is highly vulnerable to fire incidents. Guided by existing national policies such as Republic Act No. 9514 and Republic Act No. 10121, the research emphasized the importance of awareness, preparedness, and active participation of residents in fire prevention and response initiatives. The study aimed to assess demographic profiles, measure awareness in terms of evacuation procedures, emergency hotlines, and fire extinguisher usage, determine significant differences based on demographic variables, identify challenges, and propose strategies for improvement. A quantitative research design was utilized, employing a structured survey questionnaire validated by experts. Purposive sampling was applied to select fifty (50) respondents comprising ten Bureau of Fire Protection personnel, ten barangay officials, and thirty residents aged 18–50 years who had lived in the barangay for at least one year. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, weighted mean, ranking, and inferential statistics such as the t-test, supported by a four-point rating scale to measure agreement levels. Findings revealed that respondents generally demonstrated a high level of awareness of fire emergency protocols. Evacuation procedures obtained a composite mean interpreted as “Strongly Agree,” while emergency hotlines and fire extinguisher usage were rated “Agree.” Age showed a statistically significant difference in the assessment of fire safety awareness, whereas sex, civil status, and educational attainment did not significantly influence responses. The most pressing challenge identified was limited access to fire safety training, followed by lack of awareness of fire protocols and ineffective communication during emergencies. The study concludes that while public understanding of fire safety in Barangay Ugong is generally positive, continuous training, improved communication systems, and strengthened community participation are essential. Enhancing collaboration between residents, barangay officials, and the Bureau of Fire Protection can further cultivate a culture of preparedness and resilience, ultimately reducing fire-related risks and protecting lives and property within the community.